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    <title>2 | BuildENVIRONMENT!</title>
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    <description>2</description>
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      <title>2</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication_types/2/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Factors influencing the life-cycle GHG emissions of Brazilian office buildings</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/krych-2021/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Oct 2021 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/krych-2021/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Global Scenarios of Resource and Emissions Savings from Systemic Material Efficiency in Buildings and Cars</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/recc-global-2021/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Aug 2021 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/recc-global-2021/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Material efficiency for climate change mitigation</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/special_issue_me-2021/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Apr 2021 08:00:31 +0200</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/special_issue_me-2021/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A comprehensive set of global scenarios of housing, mobility, and material efficiency for material cycles and energy systems modelling</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/fishman-2021/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Mar 2021 09:03:37 +0200</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/fishman-2021/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Investigations on the Sustainable Resource Use of Swiss Timber</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/leyder-2021/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2021 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/leyder-2021/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Material efficiency and its contribution to climate change mitigation in Germany: A deep decarbonization scenario analysis until 2060</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pauliuk-recc-de-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Dec 2020 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pauliuk-recc-de-2020/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Optimisation of energy-efficient greenhouses based on an integrated energy demand-yield production model</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/golzar-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/golzar-2020/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A combined GIS-archetype approach to model residential space heating energy: A case study for the Netherlands including validation</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/yang-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Oct 2020 08:00:31 +0200</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/yang-2020/</guid>
      <description></description>
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    <item>
      <title>Material efficiency and climate change mitigation of passenger vehicles</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/wolfram-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Sep 2020 08:00:31 +0200</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/wolfram-2020/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Linking service provision to material cycles: A new framework for studying the resource efficiency–climate change (RECC) nexus</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/recc-framework-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2020 12:13:57 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/recc-framework-2020/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Technologies and policies to decarbonize global industry: Review and assessment of mitigation drivers through 2070</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/rissman-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Mar 2020 08:00:31 +0200</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/rissman-2019/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A framework for sustainable and circular system design: development and application on thermal insulation materials</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/wipraechtiger-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/wipraechtiger-2020/</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Circular economy is increasingly  promoted as a solution to decouple economic growth and environmental  impacts. To design a circular and sustainable system, a structured  approach is needed. In this study, we suggest to follow a 3-step  approach. First, the status quo is evaluated using environmental  assessment methods. We determine current circularity (share of assessed  product and material retained and further used in the system),  environmental impacts, the most impactful products and processes, and  assess contaminants and impurities. Second, scenarios favoring  circularity strategies are developed and their environmental impacts  evaluated. Third, the scenarios are compared and measures for  environmental impact mitigation derived.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The  suggested approach was applied to the case study of thermal insulation  in residential buildings in Switzerland. Coupling dynamic, prospective  material flow analysis with life cycle impact assessment enabled to  determine current and future environmental impacts. Current material  circularity is low due to lacking incentives for recycling and legally  required incineration of flame retardant containing oil-based materials. The most impact-intensive processes were the production of insulation  materials and the incineration of oil-based materials including their  adhering residues. The investigated scenarios include (i) increased  recycling, (ii) augmented use of biogenic materials, and (iii) a  combination thereof. All scenarios lead to reduced climate change and  human toxicity impacts. The second and third scenario showed increased  impacts for land use, ozone depletion, and ecotoxicity. Taking into  consideration end-of-life already in the design process, phasing out  toxic materials, and increasing usage of renewable materials are crucial for sustainable, circular system design.&lt;/p&gt;
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    <item>
      <title>ODYM – An Open Software Framework for Studying Dynamic Material Systems. Principles, Implementation, and Data Structures</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pauliuk-2019-odym/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Oct 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pauliuk-2019-odym/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Impact of CH2018 Climate Change Scenarios for Switzerland on today&#39;s Swiss building stock</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/buffat-cisbat-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/buffat-cisbat-2019/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A general data model for socioeconomic metabolism and its implementation in an industrial ecology data commons prototype</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pauliuk-iedc-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pauliuk-iedc-2019/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics – A review</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/hertwich-recc-review/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Apr 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/hertwich-recc-review/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A Database Seed for a Community-driven Material Intensity Research Platform</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-mi/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Apr 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-mi/</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ever wondered how much material is in a building? This publication presents a comprehensive database  that contains 300 datasets for material intensity. Please consider &lt;a href=&#34;https://github.com/nheeren/material_intensity_db&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34; rel=&#34;noopener&#34;&gt;contributing&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;
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    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A comparative study on the environmental impact of greenhouses: a probabilistic approach</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/golzar-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/golzar-2019/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Retrofit as a carbon sink: The carbon storage potentials of the EU housing stock</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pittau-jcl/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/pittau-jcl/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>The future in and of criticality assessments</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/ioannidou-jie/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/ioannidou-jie/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Building material use and associated environmental impacts in China 2000-2015</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/huang-2018/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2018 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/huang-2018/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Tracking Construction Material over Space and Time: Prospective and Geo-referenced Modeling of Building Stocks and Construction Material Flows</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2018-jie/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Mar 2018 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2018-jie/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A novel integrated framework to evaluate greenhouse energy demand and crop yield production</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/golzar-2018/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/golzar-2018/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Building Inventory and Refurbishment Scenario Database Development for Switzerland</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/ostermeyer-2016/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/ostermeyer-2016/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Is a net life cycle balance for energy and materials achievable for a zero emission single-family building in Norway?</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/kristjansdottir-2018/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/kristjansdottir-2018/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Nullius in Verba1: Advancing Data Transparency in Industrial Ecology</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/hertwich-2018/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/hertwich-2018/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Comparative emission analysis of low-energy and zero-emission buildings</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/kristjansdottir-2017-a/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Apr 2017 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/kristjansdottir-2017-a/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Big data GIS analysis for novel approaches in building stock modelling</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/buffat-2017/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/buffat-2017/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>GIS-based Decision Support System for Building Retrofit</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/buffat-cisbat-2017/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/buffat-cisbat-2017/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Life cycle assessment of dynamic building integrated photovoltaics</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/jayathissa-2016/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Nov 2016 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/jayathissa-2016/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Welches sind die ökologischsten Holzverwendungen?</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/steubing-2015/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2015 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/steubing-2015/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Environmental Impact of Buildings---What Matters?</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2015/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2015/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Housing and mobility demands of individual households and their life cycle assessment.</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/saner-2013-a/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jun 2013 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/saner-2013-a/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>A component based bottom-up building stock model for comprehensive environmental impact assessment and target control</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2013-a/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Apr 2013 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2013-a/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Innovation for sustainability: toward a sustainable urban future in industrialized cities</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/han-2012/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/han-2012/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Towards a 2000 Watt society – assessing building-specific saving potentials of the Swiss residential building stock</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2012/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/heeren-2012/</guid>
      <description></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Lebensdauerkosten von Schwellenmaterialien unter Einbezug ökologischer Aspekte</title>
      <link>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/hoeppner/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://nheeren.github.io/publication/hoeppner/</guid>
      <description></description>
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